At 07:57 PM 4/7/97 -0400, you wrote:

>This is the impression I got also from what I read. Only in the Hungarian
>Heritage Review (Jan. 1990) Dr. R. Vladimir Baumgarten in an article "From
>Newport to Yorktown: Hungarian Hussars in the American Revolution" there
>is suggestion that there were more than a few individuals who came with
>Col. Kovats. He says that in Duc de Lauson's International legion the
>overwhelming majority of the hussars were Hungarians. Most of these were
>refugees from Rakoczi's defeated army. I wonder what happened to them,
>returned to Europe? Died? Melted into the pot?

I am pretty sure, but please don't hold me to it, that there was a Hungarian
hussar officer at Alamo (1836) who died defending the mission-fortress.
While this could a hoax, a fellow named Rudoplh Schorobny may have been the
first Hungarian to arrive in Texas. In "Early Settlers and Indian Fighters
of Southwest Texas" by A.J. Sowell, his arrival as part of the Henri Castro
Colony is said to have happened in 1845. A contingent of "48ers," lead by
Governor Laszlo Ujhazi formed a small Hungarian colony in San Antonio
during the 1850s.

A Citadel memorial-marker and parade ground is named in the honor of
Colonel Michael Kovats de Fabricy. Apparently he commanded the Pulaski
Legion during the American War of Independence.

"The Pulaski Legion......[..] distinguished itself in many major battles
with the British and in hit-and-run skirmishes with marauding Indians along
the New Jersey and Pennsylvania border areas. But Its most outstanding
achievement.....[....] was a forced marched from York, Pennsylvania to
Charleston, South Carolina. "

"In May 11, 1799 the Pulaski Legion attacked the British force that was
trying to encircle and take the city. Colonel Commandant Michael Kovats de
Fabricy was killed while leading his men in a heroic charge against the
British line. He was the first Hungarian to lay down his life in defense of
America."
(Hungarian Heritage Review, Vol. XVII, No. 5, p. 12)

My source is the self-same now-defunct Hungarian Heritage Review. Its
infamous demise still bugs the hell out of me. I will keep on crying foul
until one of you RICH readers of this list ponies up the ante for a new
(English) magazine for American Hungarians. So, please, somebody shut
me up already!

Bandi

At 08:02 PM 4/7/97 +0200, the Transylvanians wrote:
>Andrew J. Rozsa wrote:
>>
>> At 10:04 AM 4/7/97 +0200, you wrote:
>>
>> >S or G Farkas wrote:
>>
>> >>
>> >> Penalty: the authors are invited for education in a re-education school o
f
>> >> bilingualism, where they will learn to decipher inscriptions like str.
>> >> Scolii/Iskola utca and other inscriptions like Chebab/Kebab, Fast
Food, Hai
>> >> s-o facem lata/Let's make things better and last but not least str.
>> >> Ceausescu utca and Pravda/Adevarul.
>> >>
>> >> Translated by
>> >>
>> >> Gabor D. Farkas
>>
>> >La multi ani!
>>
>> Miklos.... you mean?....oh,noooo, the Transylvanians are taking over the
>> Net!.....
>>
>> Numai bune, :-)
>>
>> Bandi (egy nagyvaradi)
>Bine ai venit, frate!
>Eu am trait in Carei si Satu Mare pina 451. Dar eu am
>uitat prea, prea mult si - regretibil - nu mai vorbesc
>romaneste.
>Miklos
>
Maybe the group should be renamed Transylvania, or Trans-Danubia, or
something. After all it is called anti-Hungary in some circles anyway. Just
watch it after all this Romanian text;-)))))))).

Gabor D. Farkas

At 08:02 PM 4/7/97 +0200, you wrote:
>Andrew J. Rozsa wrote:
>>
>> At 10:04 AM 4/7/97 +0200, you wrote:
>>
>> >S or G Farkas wrote:
>>
>> >>
>> >> Penalty: the authors are invited for education in a re-education
school of
>> >> bilingualism, where they will learn to decipher inscriptions like str.
>> >> Scolii/Iskola utca and other inscriptions like Chebab/Kebab, Fast
Food, Hai
>> >> s-o facem lata/Let's make things better and last but not least str.
>> >> Ceausescu utca and Pravda/Adevarul.
>> >>
>> >> Translated by
>> >>
>> >> Gabor D. Farkas
>>
>> >La multi ani!
>>
>> Miklos.... you mean?....oh,noooo, the Transylvanians are taking over the
>> Net!.....
>>
>> Numai bune, :-)
>>
>> Bandi (egy nagyvaradi)
>Bine ai venit, frate!
>Eu am trait in Carei si Satu Mare pina 451. Dar eu am
>uitat prea, prea mult si - regretibil - nu mai vorbesc
>romaneste.
>Miklos

Nici eu. :-) So as not to piss off the readership.... en is elfelejtettem
romanul, mivel nem
az anya nyelvem volt. Habar volt egy magyar gymnazium varadon,
szegeny anyam marhara felt a kommiktol es ugy gondolta hogy jobb
volna ha roman iskolaban mennek. Igy, se magayrul, se romanul nem
tudok irni rendesen.

Oh, well... Transylvanians of the Whole World, Unite! :-)

Bandi

> Felado :  [United States]
> Temakor: Re: A vad nyugat ( 61 sor )
>
> Thanks, Barna. The whole story would make a great movie.
In fact there _is_ a great movie on the subject (not on Xantus specifically,
but on post-1849 Hungarian emigres in the US) by Ga1bor Bo1dy, one of the
most influential Hungarian filmmakers of the eighties (his last movie before
he died was "Psyche", based on Sa1ndor Weo2res' volume with the same title).
The movie is called "Amerikai anzix", the main character is played by
Zolta1n Latinovits. Highly recommended.

Andra1s Kornai

Do yourselves a favor, take a levity break.....you will be glad you did.
Hop on over to :

   http://www.isys.hu/hrep/10.htm

Bandi :-)

Andrew J. Rozsa wrote:
>
> At 08:02 PM 4/7/97 +0200, you wrote:
> >Andrew J. Rozsa wrote:
> >>
> >> At 10:04 AM 4/7/97 +0200, you wrote:
> >>
> >> >S or G Farkas wrote:
> >>
> >> >>
> >> >> Penalty: the authors are invited for education in a re-education
> school of
> >> >> bilingualism, where they will learn to decipher inscriptions like str.
> >> >> Scolii/Iskola utca and other inscriptions like Chebab/Kebab, Fast
> Food, Hai
> >> >> s-o facem lata/Let's make things better and last but not least str.
> >> >> Ceausescu utca and Pravda/Adevarul.
> >> >>
> >> >> Translated by
> >> >>
> >> >> Gabor D. Farkas
> >>
> >> >La multi ani!
> >>
> >> Miklos.... you mean?....oh,noooo, the Transylvanians are taking over the
> >> Net!.....
> >>
> >> Numai bune, :-)
> >>
> >> Bandi (egy nagyvaradi)
> >Bine ai venit, frate!
> >Eu am trait in Carei si Satu Mare pina 451. Dar eu am
> >uitat prea, prea mult si - regretibil - nu mai vorbesc
> >romaneste.
> >Miklos
>
> Nici eu. :-) So as not to piss off the readership.... en is elfelejtettem
> romanul, mivel nem
> az anya nyelvem volt. Habar volt egy magyar gymnazium varadon,
> szegeny anyam marhara felt a kommiktol es ugy gondolta hogy jobb
> volna ha roman iskolaban mennek. Igy, se magayrul, se romanul nem
> tudok irni rendesen.

Ha ez angolra is igaz, akkor perfekt amerikai lettel...:-)))
>
> Oh, well... Transylvanians of the Whole World, Unite! :-)
>

Hai la lupta cea mare
rob cu rob sa ne unim...

Uedv
Miklos

S or G Farkas wrote:
>
> At 08:02 PM 4/7/97 +0200, the Transylvanians wrote:
> >Andrew J. Rozsa wrote:
> >>
> >> At 10:04 AM 4/7/97 +0200, you wrote:
> >>
> >> >S or G Farkas wrote:
> >>
> >> >>
> >> >> Penalty: the authors are invited for education in a re-education school
 of
> >> >> bilingualism, where they will learn to decipher inscriptions like str.
> >> >> Scolii/Iskola utca and other inscriptions like Chebab/Kebab, Fast
> Food, Hai
> >> >> s-o facem lata/Let's make things better and last but not least str.
> >> >> Ceausescu utca and Pravda/Adevarul.
> >> >>
> >> >> Translated by
> >> >>
> >> >> Gabor D. Farkas
> >>
> >> >La multi ani!
> >>
> >> Miklos.... you mean?....oh,noooo, the Transylvanians are taking over the
> >> Net!.....
> >>
> >> Numai bune, :-)
> >>
> >> Bandi (egy nagyvaradi)
> >Bine ai venit, frate!
> >Eu am trait in Carei si Satu Mare pina 451. Dar eu am
> >uitat prea, prea mult si - regretibil - nu mai vorbesc
> >romaneste.
> >Miklos
> >
> Maybe the group should be renamed Transylvania, or Trans-Danubia, or
> something. After all it is called anti-Hungary in some circles anyway. Just
> watch it after all this Romanian text;-)))))))).
>
> Gabor D. Farkas
Well, after the experiences thus far...Sharia will be applied.
What do we get cut off? :-)))))
Miklos

Barna Bozoki writes:
>Col. Kovats. He says that in Duc de Lauson's International legion the
>overwhelming majority of the hussars were Hungarians. Most of these were
>refugees from Rakoczi's defeated army. I wonder what happened to them,
>returned to Europe? Died? Melted into the pot?
>
Hmmm. Maybe they went back to ghost riding on the Hadak Utjan. Did you
consider the dates?

>
>Also the previously mentioned Vol. 2 No.2-3 of the Polyphony (not Polypony
>as I erroneously wrote it)

Barna, I liked "polypony" much better it is like a paint horse, a symbol
appropriate for diversity.

This is the third in the series "Transborder Hungarians" summarized from the
HTMH's 1996 report.

C. SLOVAKIA

1.DEMOGRAPHICS. The 1991 census showed 567296 Hungarian
ethnics, a small increase over a 30 year period. It is however a shrinking
proportion of the overall, from 12.5% to 10.76% over the same years,
thought to be related to a higher birthrate among Slovaks.

2 LEGAL Officially the position of Hungarians is related to the 1992
constitution, however as a practical matter laws, regulations- often in
constitutional conflict- have curtailed minority rights, such as the Slovak
language law, amendments to the penal code, jurisdictional revisions, law
about foundations, use of national symbols. These have been brought
about during 1995 and 1996. Though some purport to be in line with the
constitution, mostly however are in conflict. The Slovak consitution is
founded on a nationalist state and adopts the 1991 human and freedom
letter of the 1991 assembly. Declares citizens' fundamental and total
rights. It declares (inter alia) that minority identity is not to be a handicap
.
The lack of implementation guarantees had been protested by the
Hungarian political parties: no assurance of minority language schooling;
it introduces the national language, without guaranteeing minority
language usage in official or legal sense. The years since have shown
these fears to be well founded. Neither did it provide for restitution of
illegal property seizures prior to 1948, which were largely based on
"collective responsibiity". Due to international pressure the Moravcik
government in 1994 made some concessions in the use of family names
and locality designations, however fell far short of the European Union
norms. In 1994 the Meciar government served notice of further restrictions
in only recognizing individual, rather than collective rights. Additional
measures purporting to be needed for State security have further
threatened political freedom of expressions with severe penalty provisions.
Some of these have been held in abeyance by Presidential order. A
bilateral agreement with Hungary in 1995 was to restore many of the lost
rights, however the National Council on March 26 1996 took exception to
collective rights or autonomy - as suggested by th EU recommendation
1201.

These measures have also contributed to the detriment of Hungarian
political representation in the long run, when the 1994 election's results
become ineffective. While Hungarian legislative representation largely
reflects overall ratios (13.7% of mayors, 15% of jurisdictional legislatures),
Hungarian participation in administration and civil service is far lower (3
to 6 %). Of the 30 member National Council, 5 are Hungarians.

3.POLITICAL PARTIES. There are six Hungarian- based political parties,
ranging in philosophy from the liberal to the Christian-democratic
traditions. Because of many common objectives, they have formed a
"Hungarian Coalition" in 1994. It finds itself in opposition with the Prime
minister and his government, but has good rapport with the Slovak
President.

4. ECONOMICS Compared with the balance of Slovakia, the Hungarian-
majority areas are more dependent on agriculture, less on industry. In
spite of benign growing conditions, income is lower. Unemployment is
higher. Properties seized from Germans or Hungarians before 1948 can
not be returned to their owners; instead of assigning them to local
jurisdictions, they have become properties of the central (e.g. Slovak)
government. Major foreign capital investments are government- guided
and have so far minimized flow into Hungarian communities.

5 EDUCATION. Attendance at Hungarian instruction schools is below
demographic proportions. This is due to such factors as top-down
"gerrymandering" (i.e. school district adjustments), lack of vocational
training in Hungarian schools. The schools are under central, rather than
local government control. Officials are assigned by the ministry. In 1994
they inroduced the "alternative instruction" concept, which denies the
schools'  choice of instruction language. Strongly protested by Hungarian
organizations as well as the Hungarian government, the order had been
reduced in scope, but is still in partial use. In addition several Hungarian
schoold administrators have been replaced with ethnic Slovaks. Many
petty orders have irritated the Hungarian communities, such as
replacement of the bilingual graduation certificates with Slovak.

College-level Hungarian participation is particularly scarce, as Hungarian
graduates represent about half the proportion of overall diploma-holders.
There has been some hope lately of an improvement, as some border, or
near-border communities have established partnerships with Hungarian
institutions of higher learning.

6. CULTURE. Umbrella organization for cultural activities is the
CSEMADOK association. (Hungarian- Slovak Cultural Association.) 
It had been the conduit of State help for the
arts: performing, literature, etc. On the theory that it is a
 citizens' duty to help Slovak culure, the subsidy
 via CSEMADOK had been tangibly reduced.
  As an example subsidy for minority publications in 1994 was
17550 thousand SK, reduced to 3800 thopsand SK in 1995. As a result of
the reduction in support, CSEMADOK had to dismiss half their staff in
1995. As further direction in cultural activities, in 1996 the Minister for
Culture instructed all museums to change any Hungarian language signs
into English. Two theaters: the Thalia in Kassa (Kosice) and the Jokai in
Komarom (Komarno) havwe lost their endowment status.  A broad
campaign against Hungarian memorials ran into legal barriers, thus further
projects have been stopped on environmental grounds. Since 1989 a 
number of other societies had been formed, serving specific
 interest groups, such as students, ecclesiastics,
educators and scouting.

7. CHURCHES. About 65% of Hungarian ethnics are Catholic, the
balance protestant or Greek Catholic. The biggest problem is a
diminishing number of pastors. At this rate within 10 years their number
will halve. To help the situation, the "Jopasztor alapitvany" has appealed to
Pope John Paul II to name a Hungarian bishop. This is opposed by Slovak
Catholic interests and to date there had been no action. Nevertheless the
Slovak Bishop Conference condemned the language law, which- they feel-
will have a negative effect on church attendance. There had ben progress
outside the hierarchy however through the formation of religious- oriented
activities, such as the "Gloria", an association of Hungarian priests, which
publishes a weekly. A "Hungarian Religious Education Center" was also
established.


8 MEDIA. Slovak radio and TV offers limited amount of programs: in the
case of TV it amounts to 3 hours monthly. Among the printed media is the
daily "Uj Szo", which enjoys wide readership. The number of periodicals
has shrunk from about 26 to 10 due to the approx. three to one reduction
of government support starting in 1995

9 MAJORITY ENVIRONMENT. The last few years have brought about a
marked deterioration in the attitude towards minorities: encouraged by a
nationalistic government, the public attitude has also been shifted towards
diffidence. The present government discourages even dialog with
minorities or with the political opposition. Interestingly some of the Slovak
press has pointed to the pitfalls of such attitudes. 
A.J. Vadasz
5743 Pignut Mtn. Dr.
Warrenton VA 20187
USA T:540 349 1408

****************** CALL FOR ACTION ****************

Priority:      URGENT

Background:
  Hungary's position in the Danube lawsuit at the International Court
of Justice in The Hague is very promising. However, even if the court
rules in favour for the environment it is possible that the Slovak
government does not accept the sentence.
  It is important that influential politicians of USA support our
position, since in this case Slovakia probably does not dare to reject
the decision of the court.

What to do:
  Please help to persuade President Clinton to support the sentence
of the Internatinal Court of Justice by threatening with sanctions in
case of non-compliance. Feel free to use the attached form letter.
   IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE PRESIDENT FINDS THOUSANDS OF LETTERS IN
HER MAILBOX. PLEASE ACT!! Please SEND EVEN SNAIL MAILS.
These are more effective.

e-mail address of President Clinton:


*************************************************************
<date>

The Honorable Bill Clinton
President of the United States
The White House
Washington, D.C. 20001
(E-mail: )


Dear Mr. President,

On the 21st of August, 1993, Vice President Gore wrote to professor
Bela Liptak about his concern for the future of the Danube ecosystem
at Szigetkoz. Today, we are approaching an important precedent: This
year the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in The Hague will rule
on the first international environmental lawsuit.

By the end of the year, the ICJ will decide on this case involving
the Danube and the destruction of its ancient wetland region: the
Szigetkoz. This name, loosely translated, means: "The region of a
thousand islands," yet today there are no islands left there because
the water is gone. Still, the implications of this case go beyond
the future of just one river or just the 400 endangered species of
the only inland sea delta ecosystem of Europe.

This lawsuit will set a precedent for the whole planet and will
answer a much more basic question:  Do national governments have the
right to destroy the natural treasures of this planet, or does
humankind as a whole have the right to protect them?

Dear Mr. President, in 1995, nine international NGOs have submitted a
memorial to the ICJ, which the Court accepted. A Compromise Plan was
also submitted to the Court, which would guarantee the restoration
of the ancient Szigetkoz wetlands, together with fulfilling the
water-supply, shipping and energy needs of the region. For details
of this plan or for other aspects of the lawsuit, information is
available at the Web site: http://www.goodpoint.com/duna.htm or from
prof. Liptak.

Dear Mr. Clinton. There is little question that in October the ICJ
will order Slovakia to return the Danube into its natural riverbed
and will also order the restoration of the Szigetkoz wetlands. But
the ICJ has no powers to enforce its rulings. It will, therefore,l
be up to the international community to force the parties to the
lawsuit to obey the ruling. This being the first international
environmental lawsuit before the ICJ, the outcome will establish an
important precedent. The Slovak Government must understand that there
is a price to be paid for being admitted into the European Community
or into NATO. That price must include the respect for international
law. A statement by you would guarantee that the Slovak Government
understands this. Please make that statement.

Respectfully yours,


<Your name, address, title>

This is the third in the series "Transborder Hungarians" summarized from the
HTMH's 1996 report.

C. SLOVAKIA

1.DEMOGRAPHICS. The 1991 census showed 567296 Hungarian
ethnics, a small increase over a 30 year period. It is however a shrinking
proportion of the overall, from 12.5% to 10.76% over the same years,
thought to be related to a higher birthrate among Slovaks.

2 LEGAL Officially the position of Hungarians is related to the 1992
constitution, however as a practical matter laws, regulations- often in
constitutional conflict- have curtailed minority rights, such as the Slovak
language law, amendments to the penal code, jurisdictional revisions, law
about foundations, use of national symbols. These have been brought
about during 1995 and 1996. Though some purport to be in line with the
constitution, mostly however are in conflict. The Slovak consitution is
founded on a nationalist state and adopts the 1991 human and freedom
letter of the 1991 assembly. Declares citizens' fundamental and total
rights. It declares (inter alia) that minority identity is not to be a handicap
.
The lack of implementation guarantees had been protested by the
Hungarian political parties: no assurance of minority language schooling;
it introduces the national language, without guaranteeing minority
language usage in official or legal sense. The years since have shown
these fears to be well founded. Neither did it provide for restitution of
illegal property seizures prior to 1948, which were largely based on
"collective responsibiity". Due to international pressure the Moravcik
government in 1994 made some concessions in the use of family names
and locality designations, however fell far short of the European Union
norms. In 1994 the Meciar government served notice of further restrictions
in only recognizing individual, rather than collective rights. Additional
measures purporting to be needed for State security have further
threatened political freedom of expressions with severe penalty provisions.
Some of these have been held in abeyance by Presidential order. A
bilateral agreement with Hungary in 1995 was to restore many of the lost
rights, however the National Council on March 26 1996 took exception to
collective rights or autonomy - as suggested by th EU recommendation
1201.

These measures have also contributed to the detriment of Hungarian
political representation in the long run, when the 1994 election's results
become ineffective. While Hungarian legislative representation largely
reflects overall ratios (13.7% of mayors, 15% of jurisdictional legislatures),
Hungarian participation in administration and civil service is far lower (3
to 6 %). Of the 30 member National Council, 5 are Hungarians.

3.POLITICAL PARTIES. There are six Hungarian- based political parties,
ranging in philosophy from the liberal to the Christian-democratic
traditions. Because of many common objectives, they have formed a
"Hungarian Coalition" in 1994. It finds itself in opposition with the Prime
minister and his government, but has good rapport with the Slovak
President.

4. ECONOMICS Compared with the balance of Slovakia, the Hungarian-
majority areas are more dependent on agriculture, less on industry. In
spite of benign growing conditions, income is lower. Unemployment is
higher. Properties seized from Germans or Hungarians before 1948 can
not be returned to their owners; instead of assigning them to local
jurisdictions, they have become properties of the central (e.g. Slovak)
government. Major foreign capital investments are government- guided
and have so far minimized flow into Hungarian communities.

5 EDUCATION. Attendance at Hungarian instruction schools is below
demographic proportions. This is due to such factors as top-down
"gerrymandering" (i.e. school district adjustments), lack of vocational
training in Hungarian schools. The schools are under central, rather than
local government control. Officials are assigned by the ministry. In 1994
they inroduced the "alternative instruction" concept, which denies the
schools'  choice of instruction language. Strongly protested by Hungarian
organizations as well as the Hungarian government, the order had been
reduced in scope, but is still in partial use. In addition several Hungarian
schoold administrators have been replaced with ethnic Slovaks. Many
petty orders have irritated the Hungarian communities, such as
replacement of the bilingual graduation certificates with Slovak.

College-level Hungarian participation is particularly scarce, as Hungarian
graduates represent about half the proportion of overall diploma-holders.
There has been some hope lately of an improvement, as some border, or
near-border communities have established partnerships with Hungarian
institutions of higher learning.

6. CULTURE. Umbrella organization for cultural activities is the
CSEMADOK association. (Hungarian- Slovak Cultural Association.)
It had been the conduit of State help for the
arts: performing, literature, etc. On the theory that it is a
 citizens' duty to help Slovak culure, the subsidy
 via CSEMADOK had been tangibly reduced.
  As an example subsidy for minority publications in 1994 was
17550 thousand SK, reduced to 3800 thopsand SK in 1995. As a result of
the reduction in support, CSEMADOK had to dismiss half their staff in
1995. As further direction in cultural activities, in 1996 the Minister for
Culture instructed all museums to change any Hungarian language signs
into English. Two theaters: the Thalia in Kassa (Kosice) and the Jokai in
Komarom (Komarno) havwe lost their endowment status.  A broad
campaign against Hungarian memorials ran into legal barriers, thus further
projects have been stopped on environmental grounds. Since 1989 a
number of other societies had been formed, serving specific
 interest groups, such as students, ecclesiastics,
educators and scouting.

7. CHURCHES. About 65% of Hungarian ethnics are Catholic, the
balance protestant or Greek Catholic. The biggest problem is a
diminishing number of pastors. At this rate within 10 years their number
will halve. To help the situation, the "Jopasztor alapitvany" has appealed to
Pope John Paul II to name a Hungarian bishop. This is opposed by Slovak
Catholic interests and to date there had been no action. Nevertheless the
Slovak Bishop Conference condemned the language law, which- they feel-
will have a negative effect on church attendance. There had ben progress
outside the hierarchy however through the formation of religious- oriented
activities, such as the "Gloria", an association of Hungarian priests, which
publishes a weekly. A "Hungarian Religious Education Center" was also
established.


8 MEDIA. Slovak radio and TV offers limited amount of programs: in the
case of TV it amounts to 3 hours monthly. Among the printed media is the
daily "Uj Szo", which enjoys wide readership. The number of periodicals
has shrunk from about 26 to 10 due to the approx. three to one reduction
of government support starting in 1995

9 MAJORITY ENVIRONMENT. The last few years have brought about a
marked deterioration in the attitude towards minorities: encouraged by a
nationalistic government, the public attitude has also been shifted towards
diffidence. The present government discourages even dialog with
minorities or with the political opposition. Interestingly some of the Slovak
press has pointed to the pitfalls of such attitudes.
A.J. Vadasz
5743 Pignut Mtn. Dr.
Warrenton VA 20187
USA T:540 349 1408

Maybe, it happened this way.

Scene some 40,000 years ago, in the distance to the north ice covers the
land. In a cave
with a southward opening, a group munches on horseshanks and listens to
various speakers
bewailing their faith. The reason we know they are Hungarian is because they
wear the
bo:gatya, which was very convenient to stand over the fire and let the
cockles of ones heart keep warm. The same scene is repeated in 14 other
nearby caves, the reason for the large number of meetings is that it is the
"joint" meeting of the tribes. There were some agitators who wanted to make
a decison which way to wander to get away from the advancing icefields and
called together the leaders who consisted of those who for years claimed
that one can live comfortably on the ice, and those who supported a theory that
lets follow the animals, they are smarter than we are. Naturally, there were
also some in between, who were the flower children, they purported that they
should go in the direction of the wind, their symbol was the rozsa for
szelrozsa as a directional guidance.

The meeting was promoted for the arrival at a common purpose, at a
multitribal common platform deciding what to do. The following are excerpts
from the "hozzaszolasok" in the various caves:

"We should not go anywhere, the ice will go back from where it came from and
then we can go back to where we lived happily ever before the inseg came
after us."

"We should go west, they are more advanced then we are, they are not eating
horse there."

"Yeah , that is true, but there are no horses that way"

"See I am right, that is the direction to go."

"We should go south, the sun is that way and also the Szu went that way when
the aurochs moved south."

That the Szu me'r went south we will never know opined another.

[Now what else transpired would take up lots of time and space and is not
going to be discussed here.]

But they all decided that they will go Southwest and packed up and part of
them went
West and part of them went South and part of them left to the East and built
hedges around their settlements, but for some reason the lichen always
looked greener to them on the other side of the hedge ( for this reason they
were called naive), so they kept migrating and migrating and eventually
arrived in America where they inserted a "t" in their name.

Thus making the long story short.

Regards,Jeliko.

On Tue, 8 Apr 1997, jeliko wrote:

> Barna Bozoki writes:
> >Col. Kovats. He says that in Duc de Lauson's International legion the
> >overwhelming majority of the hussars were Hungarians. Most of these were
> >refugees from Rakoczi's defeated army. I wonder what happened to them,
> >returned to Europe? Died? Melted into the pot?
> >
> Hmmm. Maybe they went back to ghost riding on the Hadak Utjan. Did you
> consider the dates?

Just testing how careful you read my stuff. ;) It looks like I better stick
to the old scanner when quoting from references. So here it is from the
horse's mouth:

      "The overwhelming majority of these hussars were Hungarian,
specifically recruited by the Duc de Lauzun. But in his Volunteer Legion
were freedom fighters exiled from their native countries. They included
Polish lancers and the usual Irish dragoons to be found fighting in any
army that fought the British.

      Lauzun's right hand man was Janos Laszlo Poloreczky, scion of a noble
Hungarian family that had emigrated to France following the end of
Rakoczi's revolt in 1711. Janos Laszlo's father, Andras, had risen to the
rank of brigadier-general in the French cavalry, had acquired a French
title of nobility, and had been appointed military governor of Molsheim,
in Alsace-Lorraine. Janos Laszlo had been enrolled in the Turpin regiment
with the rank of captain in his infancy."

So whether they were Rakoczi's hussars or Rakoczi's hussars' grandsons I am
still curious what happened to them.

Barna Bozoki

On Mon, 7 Apr 1997, Andrew J. Rozsa wrote:

> My source is the self-same now-defunct Hungarian Heritage Review. Its
> infamous demise still bugs the hell out of me. I will keep on crying foul
> until one of you RICH readers of this list ponies up the ante for a new
> (English) magazine for American Hungarians. So, please, somebody shut
> me up already!

Bandi, you have powerful allies.

Laszlo Papp the president of Western Region of the World Federation of
Hungarians in a recent article (Nemzet, 97.03.30) entitled "Milyen jovo var
a szetszortsagban elokre? -- Sziveben el a nemzet" (What is the future of
the diaspora? - A nation lives in the heart of its people) wrote the
following :

"Az erzelmi kotodesen tul az idonkenti magyarorszagi latogatas mellett, a
magyar kultura idegen nyelven valo megismerese, a magyar egyesuleti es
kozossegi kapcsolatok idegen nyelven valo apolasa lehet az a megtarto ero,
amely szorvanyainkat megmentheti a teljes beolvadastol. Ilyen celt
szolgalhatnak a magyar kultura mas nyelveken valo megjeleniteset munkalo
kiadvanyok."

(Beyond the sentimental attachment and occasional visit to Hungary, the
opportunity to learn about the Hungarian culture, or to maintain a
community spirit in foreign languages can become a force which could
preserve the diaspora from complete assimilation. Publications which
disseminate the Hungarian culture in other languages than Hungarian could
help this cause.)

Lets hope he will do more than just write about this important issue.

Barna Bozoki

"We've all heard that a million monkeys banging on a million typewriters
will eventually reproduce the entire works of Shakespeare. Now, thanks to
the Internet, we know this is not true."